Index, a History of the

Starred review from November 15, 2021
Duncan (coeditor, Book Parts), a lecturer in English at University College London, mixes humor and scholarship to brilliant effect in this accessible deep dive into the history of indexes. Contending that indexes have had a profound yet overlooked impact on the evolution of human knowledge, he highlights key innovations in the centuries-long development of this search tool, including the trend towards putting words in alphabetical order; the shift from scrolls to codexes, whose page numbers were crucial to the creation of a usable index; and the rise of medieval universities, where scholars needed “new ways of efficiently finding parcels of text.” Characterizing the index as the precursor to Google search, Duncan dismisses fears that an overreliance on search engines will diminish humans’ cognitive abilities as “nothing more than a recent outbreak of an old fever.” Despite long-standing worries that indexes will reduce engagement with books and alter reading habits and attention spans for the worse (“the book index: killing off experimental curiosity since the seventeenth century”), Duncan makes a persuasive argument that it is natural for reading methods and text technology to evolve in order to make information easier to find. Readers of this enlightening and entertaining survey won’t take the humble index for granted again.