How Physicists Transformed Everyday Life
September 15, 2021
Science writer Clegg argues that physics and engineering have shaped our world in profound ways. He identifies ten developments which he believes have had the greatest influence on our daily lives, each dated to the publication of a work, the date of patent, or a specific event. Newton's Principia, harnessing electricity, steam engines, the discovery of radium, Einstein's most famous equation, LEDs, transistors, and the first connection of the modern internet are all foundational to the modern world. Chapters contain a historical summary of the time period, brief biographical details of the individuals involved, a summary of the event, and an exploration of how it affected--and continues to affect--our lives. Some are discoveries which revolutionized our fundamental understanding of physics. More recently, the focus shifts to engineering and the application of physics to technology. He concludes with an exploration of what day 11 might bring. Despite the title, this isn't quite a worldwide view of the subject since all ten events took place in Europe or America, but it is a good addition to popular science collections.
COPYRIGHT(2021) Booklist, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
October 1, 2021
Appealing accounts of scientific breakthroughs by the veteran popularizer. Aiming to describe discoveries that have played critical roles in our daily lives, Clegg pays little attention to black holes, neutrinos, dark matter, and other less-relevant astrophysical subjects. In the first of 10 dated chapters, the author looks at Isaac Newton, who considered himself a mathematician and whose masterpiece, Principia (1687), is a turgid, three-volume Latin tome packed with geometry and calculus. Though admittedly "difficult to read," the book produced the foundational ideas of modern science, not only universal gravitation, but the current--as opposed to ancient and incorrect--concepts of motion, inertia, force, and mass. Modern science moved slowly until the 19th century, so Clegg's second breakthrough occurred on Nov. 24, 1831, when Michael Faraday presented his paper reporting that a moving magnet produces a current in a nearby wire, called electrical induction, which "made the electrical motor and generator practical. In truth, Elon Musk should have called his car company Faraday, not Tesla." No-brainers that follow include Marie Curie's 1898 announcement of her discovery of radium and, seven years later, when Albert Einstein wrote that energy was simply matter in another form. Computer buffs might remember that John Bardeen and Walter Brattain demonstrated the first working transistor in 1947, but the names and dates behind many landmarks in technology are merely answers to trivia questions. Although Clegg does not dumb down his subjects, he understands that more than a few pages explaining the BCS theory of superconductivity or the mechanics of the internet's Hypertext Transfer Protocol would turn off many readers. Consequently, he fills his chapters with autobiographical details, diverting scientific anecdotes, and other historical events that occurred during his chosen years. It's padding, but few readers--especially the sizable number who have enjoyed Clegg's many previous books--will complain. A painless education on great milestones in physics.
COPYRIGHT(2021) Kirkus Reviews, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
October 11, 2021
Clegg (Essential Science) highlights in this solid primer 10 days that marked game-changing discoveries in the field of physics. The breakthroughs he covers include the publication of Isaac Newton’s Principia, the discovery of superconductivity by Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, and the connection of the first two nodes of the internet. Other days include paper publication dates (including studies by Marie Curie and Albert Einstein), and one step in the protracted creation of LEDs. Clegg is strongest in describing the background of each development and connecting theoretical understandings to practical applications: for instance, he works from James Clerk Maxwell’s formulation of the laws of electrodynamics to their fundamental importance in all electronic devices. Each chapter includes fast facts on the physicists and engineers profiled, though the inclusion of other significant happenings from the eras under consideration (the same year Rudolf Clausius published “On the Moving Force of Heat,” American Express was founded) often feels like filler. Those new to the field will find this a fine overview of touchstone moments.